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孩子即将诞生 A baby is about to be born.
这是个危机四伏的世界 It's a dangerous world.
对有些动物来说 童年转瞬即逝 For some, childhood is a race against time.
而对于其他而言 童年意味着数年的挚爱关怀 For others, there are years of tender devotion.
我们同生于爱的摇篮 We are from the same loving cradle.
初生的数天 至关重要 The first few days will be crucial.
时光不能倒流 生命已经启程 There's no turning back. The story has already begun.
动物母性 母爱天性
翻译：ly1bly 牛皮糖 时间轴：咖喱水
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校对：无辜 后期：WiLL 总监：joanna
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婴儿不可能一出世就成人 A baby can't usually be born as a ready-made adult.
起初他们很小... It has to be small...
还未成形 half-formed.
山地野猩猩婴仔须哺乳3年 A Mountain Gorilla baby will suckle for three years.
至少要在母亲的关怀下 He'll remain within sight of his mother
度过10年 for at least a decade.
他生于庞大的家族 有20多个 He lives in an extended family, 20 or so
叔婶表亲和兄弟姐妹 uncles and aunts,cousins, brothers and sisters,
它们都希望看到母亲和新生命的诞生 all keen to see mother and new arrival.
它们之间奇妙的因缘 The magical bond between them
还要追溯到进化的源头 can be traced back through evolution
从动物们出现之初开始讲起 to when animals first recognised each other.
我们的故事就要从这里讲起 We need to start the story from there.
有些动物仍以古老的方式生存着 Some animals still live in ancient ways,
童年亦如是 echoes from the dawn of childhood.
幼仔们像种子散落风中一样 遍布各地 Babies are just scattered, like seeds into the wind.
你若孤军奋战 便胜算不多 Your chances are slim and you fight your battles alone.
然而 重要关头时 And then, in a momentous moment,
母亲便会出来帮忙 a mother offers some help.
口育鱼吞掉它的幼仔 A mouthbrooder hoovers up her young
以防止它们被吃掉 to protect them from being eaten.
这可并非易事 The trick isn't easy.
父母和儿女 Parents and babies need to
得互相认识 be able to recognise each other.
你可不想因进错了口而殒命 You wouldn't want to end up in the wrong mouth.
早期的母性天职 Early attempts at motherhood
还处于试验性阶段 must have been somewhat experimental.
这只苏利南负子蟾的卵 This Surinam Toad has eggs
从她后背的口袋中孵化 that hatch in pockets on her back.
就好像皮肤护理一样 Skin care, as it were.
她的付出总要得到回报 多数幼仔必须存活 Her hospitality has to be worth it, more must survive.
从她皮肤里钻出来后 幼仔们就开始寻找食物 Once out from under her skin, they're off to find food.
这些先驱父母要做的下一件事 The next step for pioneering parents
就是喂养它们的后代 was feeding their offspring.
阿莫罗比亚斯蛛一次孵化成百上千个小蜘蛛 Amourobius spiders hatch a hundred little monsters.
它们吃掉多余的卵和兄弟姐妹 They eat extra eggs, brothers and sisters,
这些小蜘蛛可不会手下留情 but the spiderlings don't care.
然后它们就贪婪的指望着母蛛 Then they look greedily to their mother.
你知道 这很疼 You can see that it hurts.
她想弄掉它们 She tries to brush them off.
它们起初开始吞食她时 她本可以逃掉 She could flee as they start to eat her alive,
但她放弃了 but she doesn't.
孩子们长大了 The babies grow.
多亏了母蛛的牺牲 More will survive thanks to a mother
更多的蛛仔才得以存活 who makes the ultimate sacrifice.
空腹孵化有致命的危险 Hatching hungry can be fatal,
所以母亲们要在蛋中存放更多的食物 so mothers start putting more food into the eggs.
每只凯门鳄需要满满一匙量的卵黄 A spoonful of yolk for a Caiman crocodile.
它们从40个如高尔夫球般大小的皮囊里孵化 They emerge from 40 leathery golf balls.
破壳而出的吱吱声惊醒了其他皮囊 The squeaking triggers the other eggs to hatch
也惊动了母鳄 and alerts their mother.
凯门母鳄从地下16公分深的巢中 The Caiman crocodile mother digs the 16 centimetre
挖出幼仔并将它们移至河边 hatchlings out of the nest and carries them all to the river.
她将几个星期日夜不眠 照顾它们 She'll guard them all, night and day, for a few weeks.
鳄鱼幼仔能抓捕幼虫和蜗牛 Crocodile hatchlings can catch insects and eat snails.
母鳄为它们保驾护航 却会饿得慌 Their mother, babysitting, will go hungry.
在纳米比亚的沙漠里 A desert in Namibia
比鳄鱼蛋重50倍的蛋 正在孵化 and eggs 50 times heavier are hatching.
蛋壳十分坚硬 The shell is so strong
鸵鸟妈妈必须帮她的幼鸟们破壳 The ostrich mother often helps the chicks out.
它们最大的进步 The biggest advance is that
是父母双方都开始照顾幼鸟了 both parents look after the eggs.
这是婚姻的义务 It's a marriage of necessity,
雄鸟要去寻找食物 带回给饥饿的雌鸟 one that goes back to food and hungry mothers.
鸟类要比冷血的爬行类动物吃得多 Birds need to eat more than cold-blooded reptiles.
要是雄鸟不在 雌鸟就会挨饿或者直接走掉 If the father weren't here, she would either starve or leave.
所以雄鸟就得通宵值班 So he does the night shift.
它的宝贝们就不用担心饥饿的豺狼了 The brood is then safe from hungry jackals.
鸵鸟们还会互通危险信息 以确保万全 To be even safer, ostriches spread the risks.
它们有些还会把蛋下在鸵鸟王后的巢里 Some of them lay eggs in the dominant pair's nest,
这点跟布谷鸟很像 almost like cuckoos.
而且鸵鸟王夫妻俩也绝无异议 The top couple don't object.
要是捕食者过来了 Maybe it helps
或许还能帮忙多保住点蛋呢 to have a few spare eggs in case a predator comes.
也可能这里的蛋 已经多得数不清了 Or maybe there are just too many to count.
鸵鸟是直观型的父母 Ostriches are good intuitive parents
不会特别偏爱某只幼鸟 and with no obvious favourites.
收养来的幼鸟也从不挑三拣四 Foster-chicks aren't fussy either.
能跟任何成鸟过活 They imprint on any adult.
成鸟总是鼓励幼鸟学走路 Chicks are encouraged to get up and about,
但似乎没多大作用 though it doesn't look very helpful.
它们像婴儿那样步履蹒跚 They totter about like children on stilts.
鸵鸟对整窝幼鸟都护爱有加 The ostriches are devoted to the whole brood.
它们不会特意关爱某只鸟 But they don't seem to care about specific chicks,
即便自己的孩子也是如此 Even their own.
不过几个小时 大家庭就得出发寻找水源了 Within hours, the family needs to find water.
还没孵化的小鸟将命不久矣 It's a death sentence on any chicks still hatching.
在大家庭中 In big families,
成鸟不可能顾及到每只小鸟 it's not always possible to worry about individuals.
还有一种鸟 一对夫妻只生一个宝 There's a bird couple that only ever has one chick
它们无论天涯海角 都会照顾自己的宝贝 and they go to the ends of the earth to look after it.
在南极洲 皇企鹅生了一个蛋 In Antarctica, an Emperor penguin has laid one egg.
她呕尽了心血 现在 她必须去觅食了 She has put everything into it and now has to feed herself.
而雄企鹅则负责过冬 His turn, for the winter.
65天之内 她会带着食物回来 She'll be back with food in 65 days.
而他 则会蜷缩在闪耀的南极光下 He huddles under dancing southern lights.
春天来临 他发现蛋开始孵化了 As spring returns, he realises the egg is hatching.
它们就一个宝贝 Because there's only one chick,
血浓于水 the bond forms with the individual
因此 它们也能认出对方 and they learn to recognise each other.
冰面上没有食物 There's no food on the ice.
小企鹅们在期盼雌企鹅的归期 The chick needs its mother to return.
她带回了蠹虫和鱿鱼 She brings a crop full of silverfish or squid.
然后轮到雄企鹅去海里觅食 It's the father's turn to walk to the sea.
但有的雌企鹅回得太晚了 But some mothers arrive too late.
一个在极地冰霜下竭力为幼仔保暖 Out of a desperation to keep one egg from freezing,
一个长途跋涉 不畏艰辛 为儿取食 a trek to keep one little character fed against all odds,
这就是我们口中称道的爱子之情 we can recognise what we would call emotion.
随着春天的步履前行 As spring progresses,
冰雪开始融化 河水开始流淌 the ice melts and the sea gets closer.
觅食之旅也日趋渐近 Fishing trips become shorter.
幼企鹅们需要一个多月的定期照料 Chicks demand regular attention for a month or so,
终有一天 它们可以离开父母了 then one day they just walk off.
有的父母仍不舍孩子离开 Some parents are reluctant to let them go.
这些小青年们拉帮成群 集体出行 They form teenage gangs which hang out together
父母还得找它们回家吃饭 and their parents have to find them for meals.
现在它们可以一起出去觅食了 Now they can both go on fishing trips.
在某种意义上 鸟类算得上最好的父母 Birds are, in a way, the best parents,
忠贞的伴侣不畏长途跋涉 loyal couples travelling further.
却因繁衍之故 心系窝巢 But they always lay eggs and that ties them to a nest.
有些动物却并非如此 Other animals have found a different way.
这些变色龙幼仔不用孵化 These baby chameleons emerge not as 33 00:13:35,269 --> 00:13:38,269 出生即是独立的生命 eggs but live young.
母亲独自照顾孩子 她不用去照料卵蛋 She manages alone. There were no eggs to guard
直接怀着胚胎去寻找食物 and she could take her embryos with her to find food.
父亲却不知所踪 The father has disappeared.
她能带多少胚胎 就生多少幼仔 She can only give birth to as many as she can carry inside her
每个小生命在胚胎里要安全得多 but each is safer in there.
它们被母亲所遗弃 没有童年可言 There's no childhood. She abandons them.
孩子们得自立门户 They have to fend for themselves.
但在1亿5千万年前 But 150 million years ago,
新的动物诞生了 它们会留下来 new animals emerged that stayed
照顾新生儿 to look after their newborns.
儿童保育因哺乳动物的诞生得到了进化 Mammals revolutionised childcare.
有些远古的哺乳动物仍旧下蛋 A few primitive mammals still have eggs.
但当针鼹和鸭嘴兽出现后 But when echidnas and platypus emerge,
它们就能直接进行母体哺育 they feed directly from their mother's skin.
所有的哺乳动物开始用奶哺育幼儿了 All mammals start on milk.
哺乳育儿便成了母性的伟大革新 Suckling is one of mother nature's great inventions.
食物触手可及 父亲们也就少了一份工作 With food on tap, fathers lose another job.
他们帮不上忙 They're no help.
因此 Instead,
母亲与儿女之间也就形成了不可分离的羁绊 a remarkable bond forms between baby and mother.
奶可以供养越来越多的孩子 Milk can sustain increasingly helpless young,
它们可能在任何时候出生 born at any time of year.
对于黑熊来说 For black bears,
两只200克重的熊仔会在仲冬时节出生 two tiny 200 gram cubs are born in mid winter.
早点为春天做准备是个有效的办法 It helps to be ready early for spring.
跟同类相食的蜘蛛一样 他们也赖以母熊为生 Like the cannibalistic spiders, they feed on her.
经过一年的妊娠期和哺乳期 Over a year of gestation and suckling,
它们消耗了母熊一半的精力 they absorb half of her.
两个月后 当它们从洞穴里走出来 Emerging from the den, two months later
仿佛如同第二次出生 is like a second birth.
母熊要一直守护它们两年 For almost two years she'll protect them.
告诉它们该去哪儿 该吃什么 They'll have to be shown where to go and what to eat.
尽管在母亲在育儿方面取得了进步 Every new advance in mothering
但似乎还是有不少缺点 seems to have drawbacks.
育儿成了一项无助的24小时苦工 It's a 24 hour job with no help.
令人心力交瘁 It must be exhausting.
似乎大自然也与疲倦的母亲们作对 The world conspires against mothers who need sleep.
心不在焉的父亲回来了 The absent father's returned.
他认不出自己的熊仔 He wouldn't recognise his cubs
甚至可能伤害他们 and could easily harm them.
最好还是避而远之 It's safer to stay out of the way.
可耻的是 他什么都不用做 It's a shame he's got no role.
这就是怀孕和母乳的弊端 It's the downside of pregnancy and milk.
熊仔们在母亲周围玩耍 The cubs play near their mother.
它们跟早期的哺乳动物一样 They're like the early mammals,
也是有思想的小小探险家 which were explorers and thinkers.
童年时期更长了 Childhoods have become longer
而本能就不再那么重要了 and instincts less important.
哺乳动物就是这样开始建立意识的 It's how mammals started building a mind of their own.
熊仔们努力尝试 慢慢学习 The cubs try everything, learning slowly for themselves.
哺乳动物的母亲给予它们的最大关怀就是时间 The greatest gift a mammal mother can give them is time.
正在附近产仔的长耳鹿母亲可没什么时间 A mule deer mother calving nearby doesn't have any time.
要是你正被捕食 If you are potential prey,
就得快点产仔 birth must be quick,
而且孩子们一出生就得会跑 and babies born well developed and able to run.
小鹿仔十分警觉 它凭感觉预知危险 The calf is already alert, his senses tuned to danger.
母亲自己吃掉产仔时的残留物 She automatically eats any telltale remains from the birth,
本身作为一个素食者 though, as a strict vegetarian,
她对这些东西也没多大兴趣 she doesn't seem to like them much.
长耳鹿仔必须具备天生的恐惧感 A mule deer calf must be born with specific fears.
它不能自己去探索发现危险 He can't explore and learn what is dangerous.
山狼 土狼 野熊 无处不在 Wolves, coyotes and bears could be anywhere.
轻微的声响和气味都能触发它们的恐惧 The slightest sound or smell triggers fear.
全世界的食草动物 Grazers the world over are ruled
都由它们的天性和情感所支配 by their instincts, their emotions.
牛羚生产只要几分钟 A wildebeest birth takes minutes.
新生的牛羚仔有20来公斤重 The newborn calves, at 20 kilos,
出生时 体能就得到了较好的发展 are as well developed as is physically possible.
唯一保全的办法就是躲在同类身后 The only security is to hide behind others,
隐藏在牛羚群中 melt away into the herd,
母亲和幼仔 隐于群牛之中 a mother and calf lost among millions.
在附近一条安全的小河里 河马正在产仔 In the safety of a nearby river, a hippo is being born.
她要给自己的孩子选个安全的出生地 She's better able to make choices for her baby.
她觉得这里不会有狮子和土狼 She feels safer here from lions and hyenas.
这是水中产仔 It's an underwater birth.
她对新生儿最大的忧虑 就是其他河马了 Her biggest worry for the newborn is other hippos,
也包括孩子的父亲 the father included.
她把他们赶走 She chases them away.
新生儿有强健的本能 The newborn has strong instincts,
它会紧紧粘着妈妈 还要保持不能溺水 to stay near mum but also not to drown.
它们想找到更浅的水滩 又怕被冲走 Struggling to find shallower water, he may be swept away.
我们可以看到它的迷茫和惊慌 We can see the confusion and panic.
即便小河马靠了岸 Even if the calf makes it to the bank,
本能也会继续趋势它们趋利避害 instincts are still pulling both in different directions.
母河马仍旧害怕其他河马 She remains fearful of other hippos,
但现在真正的危险是狮子 though the real danger now is from lions.
她决定去管教小河马了 She makes her decision and comes charging over.
孩子们要依靠母亲 纠正它们的本能 Babies depend on mothers balancing their instincts
并告诉它们该怎么做 and gauging what to do.
动物们的成长过程中 As animals grow up,
需要由父母来帮它们做出正确的决定 they need their parents to make the right decisions.
母亲们也常常面临着困难的抉择 Often mothers face very difficult choices.
非洲西南海岸的软毛海豹 Few are as stark as the dilemmas facing cape fur seals
就面临非同寻常的困难 on the south west coast of Africa.
故事还要从出生开始讲起 Again, the story begins with a birth.
它们不会互相帮助 Nobody helps each other here.
在这个海豹的国度里 都是单亲家庭 In this city of seals, there are only single-parent families.
母海豹和小海豹都熟悉对方的气味和叫声 Mother and pup learn each other's smell and call.
是荷尔蒙 催产素等等物质 An ancient system of hormones,
使它们互不可分 oxytocin and others, forge the bonds.
问题就存在于它们地盘的顶端 The problems start at the top of the colony.
天气非常炎热 It gets very hot.
海豹需要保持凉爽 否则它们会被热死 Seals need to keep cool or they overheat and die.
母亲们老实地呆在孩子旁边 Mothers stay loyally with their pup
一起遭受酷热 and both suffer in the heat.
小海豹们依靠在它们无私的母亲身上 Pups rely on their mothers acting unselfishly
但是母海豹自我保护的本性 but her instincts of self-preservation
让它们舍弃了孩子的需求 may override her pup's needs.
海豹们酷暑难耐了 The seals become desperately hot.
第一次做母亲的母海豹们惊恐万分 Some first-time mothers panic.
她们拼命的冲向海滨 They make a mad dash for the shore.
小海豹们还弄不清楚原因 The pups don't understand.
它们想跟过去 身上的黑马褂开始迅速升温 They try to follow, rapidly over-heating in their black coats.
荒漠那边的褐土狼过来了 Out of the desert come brown hyenas.
毫无防备的小宝宝们被轻易抓走 An undefended baby is easy pickings.
其他海豹也不会帮忙 None of the others defend the pups.
它们坐视不理 They turn a blind eye.
有些母亲回来的时候 已经为时过晚 When the mothers return, for some, it's too late.
直觉的误导和酷暑 They pass casualties of
使小海豹不幸殒命 misguided instincts and heat.
幸存的小兽们挤在仅有的阴影之下 A few survivors have squashed together in a bit of shade.
有些新生儿的母亲 做出了更明智的决定 Some newborns have mothers that make better choices.
它们拖着不情愿的孩子们走向海边 They drag and throw their reluctant pup towards the sea.
她在未雨绸缪 She's managing to think ahead.
如果父亲也来帮忙 The dangers a newborn pup faces might be avoided
新生儿就不必身处险境 if the father helped,
就像鸟儿那样 as birds do.
有些哺乳动物父亲能够尽到父亲的责任 A few mammal fathers can become very paternal.
有种加州公鼠像接生婆一样尽职尽责 A Californian mouse male acts as a midwife.
他打扫巢穴 负责食物和水 He cleans up and gets food and water.
是完美的老鼠先生 He's the perfect mouse-husband.
在他的帮助下 老鼠一家可比单亲家庭 With his help, there can be four times more young
多生三倍的幼仔 than the normal single-parent mouse can manage.
是什么力量驱使他留下来 What makes him stay?
那是与联系母子亲情 It's the same hormones that
相同的荷尔蒙在起作用 bind mothers and babies.
本能的潜力是无穷的 The potential was always there.
在这里 In his case,
雌鼠的体味会触发他们的本能 instincts are triggered by chemicals in her scent.
成分是中西药中都能找到的对二氮杂苯 The same pyrazines are found in Chinese and Western medicine.
雄鼠父亲的天性被激发出来 His paternal passions are ignited,
他将与鼠宝宝生死相依 he bonds with the babies
鞠躬尽瘁死而后已 and works to exhaustion.
生于一个大家庭 How wonderful it must be to be born
要比仅有一对双亲幸运得多 not just to a couple but to a whole group,
众人拾柴火焰高 fired-up to help you.
最初只存在于母子之间的羁绊 The original chemistry for mothers and babies
现在凝聚于整个家庭 now binds an extended family.
这便是育儿的下一个层次 It's the next stage.
麝牛是巨大的野生动物 Muskox are gigantic wild goats,
远大于家牛 more than oxen.
它们在北极的寒风中生产 They give birth in the Arctic winter.
新生儿必须落地就会奔跑 Newborns must be able to run.
狼群就在四周 Wolves are about.
狼群到处在寻找 The wolves are looking for any youngsters
落单的小兽 that get left behind.
麝牛帮助小兽们赶上队伍 The muskox help them to keep up.
麝牛的表现与牛羚跟海豹大相径庭 The muskox behave as wildebeest or seals never would.
它们会团结一致 They unite into a single force.
组成一面牛墙 挡在狼和幼仔之间 They form a wall between the wolves and the youngsters.
麝牛们知道它们属于同一家族 These muskox know that they are a family.
彼此相依 They share a common bond.
面对其心合力保护幼崽的巨大长毛麝牛 Faced with baby-mad giant hairy goats working together,
狼群通常会罢手 wolves usually give up.
但每种革新 每种进步 But for every new solution, every advance,
都伴随着缺点 it seems there are always drawbacks.
对新生儿来说 社会群体充满危机 Societies hold terrible dangers for newborns.
许多动物出生在反复无常 Many animals are born into volatile
变化多端的群体之中 and treacherous communities.
幼狮出生在远离狮群的地方 Lion cubs start by avoiding the pride.
母狮们也在言传身教 Mothers behave as though society
狮群是个危险之地 were a dangerous thing.
小狮子们出生后盲目而无助 The cubs are born blind and helpless,
头六周 她把它们藏起来 and she hides them for the first six weeks,
只在喂食时见面 visiting them only for feeds.
兄弟之间的竞争很早就开始了 Sibling rivalry starts early.
幼仔们都有自己的个性 迥然不同 The cubs all have their own characters, each very different.
人类家庭也如是 Our families are like that too.
母亲们面临艰难的抉择 The mother is juggling difficult decisions.
她必须将幼仔带回狮群 She must introduce her cubs to the pride.
这很冒险 雄狮会杀掉不熟悉的幼仔 It's a risk. Lions kill infants they don't know.
能让他们将幼狮认作外甥 It's crucial they recognise
甚至是自己的亲骨肉 these cubs as nephews and nieces...
便是至关重要的一环 or even as their own offspring.
母狮接近一个年幼的雄狮 The mother approaches a teenage male,
多半是她前一窝的孩子 probably her son from a previous litter.
她对他龇牙低吼警告 She snarls a warning at him.
他张开手臂欢迎新的幼仔 He welcomes the cubs with open arms.
狮群中的雄狮前来打探情况 A pride male investigates.
慢慢地 幼仔们围了上去 Slowly the cubs win him round.
和他一起玩耍 They play with him,
几乎是在试探他矛盾的情绪 almost teasing his conflicting emotions.
新幼仔成为了狮群的一份子 The new cubs become part of the pride.
母亲和她的姐妹 还有她们的女儿们 Mothers, sisters and older daughters all work together,
通力协作 喂养并保护幼仔们 feeding and guarding the cubs
把塞伦盖蒂平原[位于坦桑尼亚西北部] as they turn the Serengeti
变成小狮子的游乐场 into their playground.
大象有时会杀死幼狮 Elephants sometimes kill cubs.
狮子也吃幼象 所以它们积怨已久 Lions eat elephant calves, so feelings run deep.
母狮从不会拖狮群的后腿 The cub's mother alone could never have held off the herd.
她和她的姐妹们是狮群的有力保护者 She and her sisters are fierce defenders of the cubs.
但是还有比大象更可怕的威胁 But there are worse threats than elephants.
如果公狮想要组织新家庭 If new lions want to start a family,
便定然不会收养之前的孩子 adopting stepchildren is not an option.
他们会打败并赶走以前的雄狮 They defeat and kick out the pride fathers.
之后杀死幼狮 并和母狮交配 Now they must kill the cubs and mate with the lionesses.
如果许多母狮都有幼崽 If enough of the females have cubs,
他们也许会保留公幼狮 they may take on the new males.
但没有子嗣的母狮 But lionesses without young are desperate
极度渴望拥有自己的孩子 to become mothers themselves.
她们需要延续血脉 They need the new bloodline.
争论在愤怒和焦虑中爆发 The argument erupts in anger and frustration.
如果母狮们不能联合 If the females can't unite,
她们便无能为力 there is nothing more they can do.
只得和凶手们交配 以盼新生命的到来 She will have to try for new cubs, with these killers.
这就是和雄性共同居住的代价 This is the price of living with males
尽管他们也只能在几年之内掌控狮群 who can't hold on to power for more than a few years.
母狮们在此事上 可以向大象学习 Lionesses could learn something here from the elephants.
母象们联合在一起 Elephant mothers unite huge families,
强大到可以管理雄象 and are strong enough to rule them.
女首领们确保孩子们拥有整个安全的童年 The matriarchs enable calves to have long safe childhoods
多达十年的时间可以去学习 a decade of learning.
生产是兽群中最重要的时刻之一 A birth is one of the most emotional times in a herd.
22个月之后 After 22 months,
新生命降临 超过100千克 the newborn arrives, at over 100 kilograms.
热情的问候像是集体的歇斯底里 The enthusiastic greeting is like a collective hysteria.
几个小时之后 幼仔依然被簇拥着 Some hours later the calf is still surrounded,
大多是堂兄弟姐妹和阿姨们 mostly by cousins and aunts
想要帮助它站起来 wanting to help him up.
它的妈妈让这些过于热情的亲戚们 His mother lets the over-enthusiastic relatives
替她的孩子操心 fuss over the calf.
如果一切顺利 If all goes well,
她们将共同对小象施以母爱 they'll share in the mothering.
如此近的距离也定然会引起摩擦 Such close ties around a baby are bound to cause friction.
有只雄象想和某个簇拥着小象的母象交配 A male wants to mate with one of the calf's admirers
而显然她对宝宝更有兴趣 but of course she's more interested in the baby.
愤怒的雄性推了肇事者一把 The bull gives the source of his frustrations a shove.
新生儿 The newborn,
因为无意间妨碍了雄性发情 for accidentally derailing a bull's passionate moment,
接着又在脸上挨了一脚 next gets a foot in the face.
作为情感动物 它们在表达焦虑或护子之情 For an hour he's kicked about like a football,
小象长达一个小时像足球一样被踢来踢去 as emotional animals feel frustration or protection.
最后他放弃了 In the end he gives up
而幼兽终于可以 and the calf can finally follow
顺着奶香找到乳头 the smell of milk to its source.
一两天之后 他的某个阿姨用她的尾巴 A day or two later, one of his aunts touches him
碰碰他 慢慢地抬起脚 然后... with her tail, lines up carefully, and wham!
我们不知道她为什么踢了他 We don't know what made her kick the calf.
新生儿周围充满了嫉妒 There are bound to be jealousies around a new baby,
现在她似乎控制住了自己的愤怒 yet her anger too seems controlled.
理性的头脑在情绪需要控制时很有帮助 A rational mind is helpful in coping with emotional moments,
兽群中诞生了小象正是这种时刻 like having a newborn in the herd.
世界各处你都可以看到 因新生儿诞生 All over the world you can see animals wrestling
产生的情绪导致的矛盾 with the emotions a newborn brings.
但在灵长类动物中最为显著 But it's clearest in primates.
在马达加斯加 In Madagascar,
环尾狐猴必须结群居住才成生存 ring-tailed lemurs have to stay together to survive,
特别是在干旱的年份 particularly in a drought.
有个猴宝宝虚弱到不能抓住母亲 One of the babies is too weak to hold on.
狐猴无法直接带着孩子行走 Lemurs can't easily carry their young,
狐猴母亲面临两难的抉择 so the mother faces an appalling dilemma.
如果她和其他狐猴分开太久 If she's separated from the others for too long,
他们会把她当做外族攻击 they could attack her as an outsider.
她必须在自己和孩子中作出选择 She has to choose between her baby and herself.
母亲选择了跟随大部队 The mother moves to follow the troop...
但她折返了5次 ..but she returns five times.
她在脑中一定斗争不断 Her mind must be struggling back and forth.
很多科学家相信她有感情 Many scientists believe she feels emotion
并在思考她的感觉 and is thinking about her feelings.
这叫做"情感意识" It's called 'affective consciousness'.
现在看来所有的哺乳动物 It's now thought likely all mammals are aware
都对自己的感觉了然于心 of their instinctive feelings.
缺乏情感 就无法做一个好母亲 It would be hard to be a good mother without it.
她的孩子变得更加虚弱 As her baby got weaker
她最后一次回来 she left for the last time.
我们不确定她到底在想什么 We can't know for sure what she was thinking
或者她到底有什么感觉 or feeling but she behaved
但在无数次斗争之后 as though she'd come to a decision
她做出了艰难的决定 that she found very difficult.
情感是能被感受到 Emotions are just instincts that you can feel,
能被理解的直觉 that you are aware of.
它们本由基因和历史写成 They're the voices of our genes and our past.
但有意识的生物 能一开始 But conscious minds can manipulate each other's emotions
就利用对方的情感 right from the start.
一只长尾黑颚猴出生了 A vervet monkey is born.
猴宝宝见到了它的小堂兄 The baby meets a young cousin.
它可能是朋友 同盟抑或是竞争对手 He may be a new friend, an ally or competition.
全都取决于猴妈妈的社会地位 It all depends on his mother's social standing.
她不是猴群中唯一的母亲 She is not the only one in her community having a baby.
对于年轻姐妹来说 这是个激动的时刻 For the teenage sisters it's a thrilling time.
她们祈求任何能怀抱新生儿的机会 They beg any chance to hold the newborns.
而地位高高在上的雌性不用乞求 The high-ranking females don't beg.
她们抢走孩子 申明自己的主导身份 They grab babies and teach them who's boss.
年轻的妈妈们必须小心保护幼猴 Junior mothers have to be more protective.
所有的新生儿都充满好奇心 All newborns are inquisitive
但地位卑微的宝宝可没有外出的机会 but lowly babies aren't allowed out.
社会地位可以带来自信 Social status can bring confidence
结交更多的朋友 to make new friends...
抑或带来恐惧和焦虑 or fear and frustration.
一周之内 能够影响猴宝宝一生的 Within a week, emotions that will affect a baby
情感作用 已被深深刻入它的大脑 for the rest of its life are well established.
在提供情感支持方面 Families have a new role,
家庭也是角色之一 to provide emotional support.
对于母亲和孩子 For mother and baby,
这是世上最重要 nothing in the world is more important
也是最有趣的事情 or brings greater joy.
黑猩猩宝宝花费数年来学习 Baby chimpanzees spend years learning
家族关系和传统 about each other and their traditions.
家庭就是学校 Families are the schools.
在非洲中部 黑猩猩用石头敲碎坚果 In Central Africa, chimps crack nuts with rocks.
这个诀窍世代由母亲传给孩子 The trick is passed, mother to baby, down the generations.
是它们文化的一部分 It's part of their culture.
在东非 它们教小仔们用树枝抓白蚁 In East Africa they catch termites using twigs.
宝宝们边看边学 Babies watch and learn.
它们几乎一点就透 They get the basics almost immediately.
这和一根棍子有关 It's something to do with a stick.
特殊情况下 In some extraordinary footage,
母亲试着帮忙 the mother tries to help
但被孩子拒绝了 and is pushed away by the youngster.
带着无限的耐心 她又试了一次 With endless patience, she tries again.
"不是那个大的 这个更好用" "No, not that huge thing. Here, this one is better."
只有人类会积极教育子女 Only humans are supposed actively to teach
但是必要的话 教科书可以重写 but textbooks can be rewritten if necessary.
小猩猩从抓白蚁中获得了无限乐趣 Young chimps get enormous pleasure from termite fishing.
有一种学习的渴望 而成就感 A hunger to learn and satisfaction with success
也是人类情感的一种 is also part of our biology.
驱使了我们的许多作为 It must drive a lot of what we do.
大多数灵长类动物出生在族群 Most primates are born into troops,
跟大家族里 但并非全部如此 extended families, but not all.
一只重两公斤的新生 A two kilogram newborn
褐猿带我们回到原点 orang-utan brings us back to the start.
父亲和堂兄弟们就在左右 Fathers and cousins are around
但基本无所作为 but not particularly helpful.
它估计要七八岁才会有兄弟姐妹 It'll be seven or eight years before the next one.
它的妈妈是世上最少产的母亲之一 His mother's one of the world's slowest breeders.
他漫长的童年给他时间适应这个世界 His long childhood gives him time to work things out.
它的妈妈会告诉它去哪寻找食物 His mother will help map out where to find food
慢慢地 他会开始了解 and slowly he'll become aware of
这个世界和他自己 his world and himself.
不仅是灵长类 It's not just primates.
似乎所有的哺乳动物 It seems likely all mammals,
也许还有鸟类 都有情感 and maybe birds too, feel emotions
都会作出深思熟虑的决定 and make thoughtful choices,
特别是涉及到子女的问题 particularly around babies.
褐猿面临日趋严峻的灾难 Increasingly, orang-utans face disaster.
失去母亲的婴儿 Infants that lose their mothers
也许会幸运地被救起 may be lucky enough to be rescued.
人类继父母们尽力照看着孤儿们 Human step-parents do their best with an orphan.
他们都努力弥补那失去的羁绊 They both try to replace a bond that is lost.
经年之后 与人们一起长大的孤儿们 Years later, orphans that have grown up with people
自己也变成了母亲 become mothers themselves.
不需外界激励 Without any encouragement,
她们教授孩子们 they show their own young a new culture
自己幼年初到褐猿避难所时 they copied when they arrived
学到的新文化 at the orang-utan sanctuary as infants.
看起来 It seems
动物母亲们也想建立一个更好的世界 animal mothers are also trying to build a better world.
动物给予孩子无法衡量的关爱 The care animals give to their young is extraordinary.
当我们更加了解野生动物后 As we understand wildlife better,
我们发现 我们对于孩子的想法 we discover that our way of thinking
和感受通常与他们不谋而合 and feeling about babies is often their way too.
我们可以理解我们共通的情感 We can understand the emotions we share.
那是五亿年来作为母亲相同的爱子之情 It's a bond with half a billion years of motherhood.
多亏那些先锋父母 It's thanks to pioneering parents,
也许还有我们漫长的童年 and perhaps our own long childhoods too,
让我们能够体会他们的感受 that we can feel something of what others go through.