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黄河在中国人心目中

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一直有着很重要的位置

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现在有一队探索队

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要寻找它的源头

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跟随它绵延五千五百公里

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一直去到大海

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这个节目就是记录了他们的旅程

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伟大的黄河

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源头位于西北偏远的

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阿尼玛卿山上一条山涧小溪

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但是当它流到甘肃省兰州时

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已经变成一条大河

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把兰州市一分为二

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兰州是区内的工业中心

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工厂、炼油厂和石油化工厂

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都是新建成的

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一百五十万人口之中

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很多都是从其它省份搬来的

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这里在几个世纪以来

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都是丝路商旅的中途站

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沿着丝路，商旅把丝绸和香料

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由中国运去罗马

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这条路也把宗教传开

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在七世纪把佛教经典

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由梵文翻译成中文的玄奘法师

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同样经过丝绸之路

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兰州是中国地理上的中心点

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一列列火车离开火车站

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向新疆、内蒙古、青海、山西

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和东南面的北京进发

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兰州盛产西瓜

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这点在火车站平台可以清楚看到

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这一列前进号

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是中国最大的蒸气火车

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它离开兰州火车站

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展开它驶往北京的漫长旅程

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途中大部份时间

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会沿着黄河和古老商道行走

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这段是一次时光倒流的旅程

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在中国这个偏远角落上的荒原

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无数战士在激烈的战争中壮烈牺牲

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火车一直前进

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它首先要经过中国最大型的

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铁路拱桥，横跨桑园峡

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驶去黄河的另一边

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人造的火车轨

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与黄河好像两条平衡线一样

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穿越北部的荒地

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如果不想坐火车

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路程又不是太远的话

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大可以坐当地人自制的羊皮筏渡河

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这一段河道的水流不算太急

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而且船家经验丰富

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控制羊皮筏绝对没问题

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这一段河道好像绕了一个大圈

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首先平静地向北面流超过七百公里

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去到阴山山脚

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然后绕回来向南流

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位处这个弯位的是鄂尔多斯草原

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它以黄河为北部界

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南面则以长城遗址为界

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未到草原之前

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队员来到腾格里沙漠

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中共政府建国后首要的任务之一

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就是要驯服这片沙漠

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控制它流动的沙

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当局在火车轨旁边筑起了防沙堤

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被隔绝的沙形成了一个个沙丘

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但是要火车轨运作正常并不容易

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黄河的特性是不可预测的

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夏天随时会出现暴洪

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而由风引起的沙暴，破坏力则更大

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如果在这里建火车轨已算工程伟大

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二千多年前建造穿越沙漠的长城

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又需要多大的决心呢

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这堵城墙对经常

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受游牧民族战士威胁的汉人来说

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非常重要

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长城本来是一堵堵

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由各方诸侯所建的城墙

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最后由秦始皇把它们连成一起

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成为一道坚固的屏障

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某些部份更有七米之高

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建筑长城令很多人受苦

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他们不习惯北部的气候

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还要在雪地中做苦工

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终于长城建成，绵延超过二千公里

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由中国西北部一直到海边地区

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北面的阴山和黄河

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对普通的入侵者来说是很大的障碍

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但是游牧民族战士并非等闲之辈

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后来的战事都跟宗教或者政治无关

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其实是为争夺领土而战

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为生存而战

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在鄂尔多斯沙漠的流沙之下

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埋藏了很多惨烈战事的遗迹

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搜索队现在正去找其中一个

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在这里吉普车根本无法开动

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队员只有骑驴走完最后十公里路

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目的地是由匈奴人所建造的

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堡垒遗址

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这个游牧民族是汉人的大敌

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在公元前三世纪，匈奴势力强大

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当他们与某些部族结盟之后

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掌管了中亚五百年之久

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鄂尔多斯是中国最偏远

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和神秘的地区

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令人想起无尽的沙海

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骆驼商队和游牧民族

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它的名字更演化成英文Horde

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解作游牧民族

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是源出于成吉思汗的游牧马队

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无情地横扫鄂尔多斯

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在风沙之中

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出现了统万古城的遗址

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这一座荒废了的堡垒

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曾经有过车水马龙的日子

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附近的土地曾经翠绿和肥沃过

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也一定有牛羊在这儿吃草

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但是随着匈奴的没落

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这里变得荒芜

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后来更被风沙侵蚀

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现在只剩下呼呼的风声

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拍打破落的墙壁

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仿佛向昔日致敬

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这座堡垒是五世纪时

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由匈奴王所兴建

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堡垒是用黏土和石灰岩建成

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当地人称它为白色堡垒

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相传如果有一根钉穿过任何一堵墙

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筑该段墙的人就会被处死

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在那个年代凡事都是先斩后查

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这座堡垒应该令匈奴王满意

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因为这一座城堡

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足以防范北部的侵略者

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也足以阻止

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一心想夺回土地主权的汉人

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抵御了他们无数次的侵袭

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统万的意思是统一全世界

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治理所有国家

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但是现在破落的城墙和残破的塔

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再看不到昔日的气势

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当年这里充份突显出匈奴的霸权

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曾经有配备盔甲的士兵驻守

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还有厨师、马夫和挑夫

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现在则变成了一个光辉已逝的遗址

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只有西面一座三十米高的了望塔

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依然完好

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不过这里并非死寂无人

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这里还有人居住

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他们在石灰墙后面建造家园

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探索队决定找寻这些居民

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了解他们的生活

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这位老伯今年七十岁

155
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在这里住了超过十年

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他姓马，与儿子一家十口一起生活

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他们从一公里外的村落迁居来这里

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种植高粱和粟米

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老伯不觉得在一个

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这么有历史背景的地方生活

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有什么特别

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但是他有收集城墙四周散落的

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陶器碎片

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更趁这个机会向队员展示一下

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屋里简直是一个珍贵文物的博物馆

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有箭头、花砖和陶器碎片

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大部份有漂亮的花纹

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而且保存得很好

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当时的装饰品盛行用动物图案

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城墙本来有鲜艳的釉彩花砖

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在阳光之下闪闪生辉

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显示出匈奴的繁盛

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队员对老伯的收藏品赞叹不已

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他说还有很多珍品等待人去发掘

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统万古城气势宏伟

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但是作为匈奴的要塞

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只是大约十年时间

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之后就落入汉人手上

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匈奴也慢慢淡出人类历史的大舞台

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汉人与匈奴人世代以来的争斗

181
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非常激烈

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匈奴在黄河以北的阴山建立根据地

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在这里他们可以随时向汉人突袭

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汉族和匈奴几百年来

185
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不断为了主权问题

186
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在整条丝绸之路

187
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跟鄂尔多斯地区交战

188
00:12:36,202 --> 00:12:38,471
汉人为了阻止外敌入侵

189
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而兴建的长城

190
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在某些地方即使高达七米

191
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对匈奴人来说也只是小小的障碍

192
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勇猛的匈奴骑兵很容易便越过城墙

193
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令汉人步兵胆战心惊

194
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这尊雕像完全捕捉到

195
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这个民族的精髓

196
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他们是结实强壮

197
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颈部短而粗的战士

198
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有成功的决心和毅力

199
00:13:17,810 --> 00:13:21,803
衣服特别为了长时间策马而设计

200
00:13:22,081 --> 00:13:25,651
他们所发的箭可说是百发百中

201
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二千年前的中国诗人

202
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在作品中已经对匈奴人又敬又畏

203
00:13:32,525 --> 00:13:35,828
冒顿兵强，破东胡，走月氏

204
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威震百蛮，臣服诸羌

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令人闻风丧胆的匈奴人

206
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也热爱美丽的东西

207
00:13:49,609 --> 00:13:52,812
这面精美的镜上刻有一个骑兵

208
00:13:52,812 --> 00:13:56,805
怎样杀死一只老虎

209
00:13:58,684 --> 00:14:01,787
连他们的兵器也好像这把短剑一样

210
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都有一种简约的美

211
00:14:04,423 --> 00:14:07,460
匈奴和汉人最血腥的一次对垒

212
00:14:07,460 --> 00:14:10,830
大约在公元前140年发生

213
00:14:10,830 --> 00:14:13,466
汉武帝领兵与匈奴开战

214
00:14:13,466 --> 00:14:17,459
造成死伤无数和严重损失

215
00:14:21,440 --> 00:14:24,510
多年来匈奴借着与汉人的接触

216
00:14:24,510 --> 00:14:27,480
慢慢形成了他们的文明

217
00:14:27,480 --> 00:14:30,183
汉人的影响可见于艺术品

218
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文字和宗教之中

219
00:14:32,618 --> 00:14:35,488
汉人面对强敌毫不退缩

220
00:14:35,488 --> 00:14:38,791
多年后一位唐代诗人这样形容

221
00:14:38,791 --> 00:14:41,160
秦时明月汉时关

222
00:14:41,160 --> 00:14:43,196
万里长征人未还

223
00:14:43,196 --> 00:14:45,698
但使龙城飞将在

224
00:14:45,698 --> 00:14:49,691
不教胡马度阴山

225
00:15:02,481 --> 00:15:05,985
黄河是农作物收成的关键所在

226
00:15:05,985 --> 00:15:08,588
它有可能突然泛滥成灾

227
00:15:08,588 --> 00:15:12,191
所以有“中华民族之悲壮”的别号

228
00:15:12,191 --> 00:15:14,860
中国人花了不少人力物力

229
00:15:14,860 --> 00:15:16,562
想把这股破坏力

230
00:15:16,562 --> 00:15:20,555
转化成造福百姓的力量

231
00:15:23,002 --> 00:15:25,605
这一座在青铜峡的堤坝

232
00:15:25,605 --> 00:15:29,275
在1950年代末建成

233
00:15:29,275 --> 00:15:33,268
它既可引水发电，又可以灌概农地

234
00:15:37,883 --> 00:15:40,953
一条狭长的金属水管沿着山边

235
00:15:40,953 --> 00:15:44,657
把黄河水带到四十公里外

236
00:15:44,657 --> 00:15:46,492
水平线上五百米的

237
00:15:46,492 --> 00:15:49,729
一个荒芜高原上，灌概农地

238
00:15:49,729 --> 00:15:53,722
河水被带上一层又一层的台阶

239
00:16:06,445 --> 00:16:07,913
对于这里的农户来说

240
00:16:07,913 --> 00:16:10,683
这条盛着黄河水的水管

241
00:16:10,683 --> 00:16:12,652
就好比他们的血脉

242
00:16:12,652 --> 00:16:16,055
帮助他们在贫瘠的鄂尔多斯土地上

243
00:16:16,055 --> 00:16:17,823
赚取生计

244
00:16:17,823 --> 00:16:20,559
透过堤坝

245
00:16:20,559 --> 00:16:21,994
水管和运河的密集灌概系统

246
00:16:21,994 --> 00:16:25,865
部份地区已经恢复昔日翠绿的面貌

247
00:16:25,865 --> 00:16:28,034
不单为居民送来新鲜用水

248
00:16:28,034 --> 00:16:32,027
更加带来了希望

249
00:16:35,508 --> 00:16:37,009
黄河跟长江不同

250
00:16:37,009 --> 00:16:39,445
长江流经中国东南部

251
00:16:39,445 --> 00:16:41,681
是国内最肥沃的地方

252
00:16:41,681 --> 00:16:45,384
黄河则流经干旱而贫瘠的地区

253
00:16:45,384 --> 00:16:48,020
中国政府致力改革灌概系统

254
00:16:48,020 --> 00:16:49,822
以及计划造林

255
00:16:49,822 --> 00:16:53,059
希望树根可以抓着幼细的黄沙土

256
00:16:53,059 --> 00:16:57,052
阻止它们流入黄河

257
00:17:05,805 --> 00:17:09,798
这些计划都有非常显著的成效

258
00:17:10,810 --> 00:17:13,679
这里出产的西瓜又甜又多汁

259
00:17:13,679 --> 00:17:15,815
远近驰名，远至北京

260
00:17:15,815 --> 00:17:19,808
对这些西瓜需求也很大

261
00:17:21,554 --> 00:17:23,089
这些枸杞的果实枸杞子

262
00:17:23,089 --> 00:17:26,425
可以制成中药

263
00:17:26,425 --> 00:17:29,795
有护肝、滋阴保肾和降血压的疗效

264
00:17:29,795 --> 00:17:31,931
这个地区种植枸杞

265
00:17:31,931 --> 00:17:34,100
已经超过一千年历史

266
00:17:34,100 --> 00:17:38,093
枸杞子这种中药更行销国外

267
00:17:40,606 --> 00:17:43,876
枸杞子晒干之后会放进酒里浸制

268
00:17:43,876 --> 00:17:47,869
成为有药疗价值的药酒

269
00:17:49,849 --> 00:17:51,450
宁夏平原上面

270
00:17:51,450 --> 00:17:54,487
灌概的水沟星罗棋布

271
00:17:54,487 --> 00:17:56,989
令农作物得以生长

272
00:17:56,989 --> 00:18:00,982
否则这里只会是一片荒野

273
00:18:01,961 --> 00:18:04,964
这个地区主要的食粮是谷物

274
00:18:04,964 --> 00:18:08,100
农民在三月会播下小麦的种子

275
00:18:08,100 --> 00:18:12,093
在七月下旬时收割

276
00:18:21,981 --> 00:18:25,084
他们有一个省力的打谷方法

277
00:18:25,084 --> 00:18:28,654
农夫把收割来的小麦铺在马路上

278
00:18:28,654 --> 00:18:31,590
让汽车辗过，筛出麦粒

279
00:18:31,590 --> 00:18:33,526
这么做会阻碍交通

280
00:18:33,526 --> 00:18:35,628
当局曾经尝试禁止

281
00:18:35,628 --> 00:18:37,730
但是农民并没有理会

282
00:18:37,730 --> 00:18:41,723
这种情景在乡郊仍然很常见

283
00:18:49,542 --> 00:18:51,577
探索队再次乘坐火车

284
00:18:51,577 --> 00:18:54,113
向宁夏回族自治区的首府

285
00:18:54,113 --> 00:18:58,106
银川市进发

286
00:19:05,691 --> 00:19:09,028
银川市市内有鼓塔、塔式寺庙

287
00:19:09,028 --> 00:19:11,897
还有一座宏伟的玉佛寺

288
00:19:11,897 --> 00:19:13,866
这里的人口有七十万

289
00:19:13,866 --> 00:19:17,736
五分一人是回族人或者汉人回教徒

290
00:19:17,736 --> 00:19:20,072
日落时分是一天之中

291
00:19:20,072 --> 00:19:22,675
其中一个指定的祈祷时间

292
00:19:22,675 --> 00:19:25,177
清真寺挤满伊斯兰教徒

293
00:19:25,177 --> 00:19:29,170
他们向着圣城麦加的方向祈祷

294
00:19:31,650 --> 00:19:32,852
这里的商人

295
00:19:32,852 --> 00:19:35,988
比精打细算的中国人更精明

296
00:19:35,988 --> 00:19:39,625
墟期当天会看到激烈的议价场面

297
00:19:39,625 --> 00:19:41,961
这个戴着白帽的家庭

298
00:19:41,961 --> 00:19:43,996
一看便知道是伊斯兰教徒

299
00:19:43,996 --> 00:19:46,065
他们一早来市集卖羊

300
00:19:46,065 --> 00:19:49,034
这种羊是宁夏独有的品种

301
00:19:49,034 --> 00:19:50,836
这批数月大的羊

302
00:19:50,836 --> 00:19:52,972
毛皮极之柔软

303
00:19:52,972 --> 00:19:56,965
卖家很希望卖到高价钱

304
00:19:57,877 --> 00:19:59,879
探索队沿着黄河而下

305
00:19:59,879 --> 00:20:02,948
沿途都看见大型的户外市场

306
00:20:02,948 --> 00:20:06,941
以及排山倒海的单车阵

307
00:20:11,490 --> 00:20:13,726
宁夏的西瓜当造期

308
00:20:13,726 --> 00:20:15,694
是六月下旬到九月中

309
00:20:15,694 --> 00:20:17,596
很多档主都在推销

310
00:20:17,596 --> 00:20:20,599
他们那些鲜甜多汁的西瓜

311
00:20:20,599 --> 00:20:24,592
主妇一边挑，一边谈谈笑笑

312
00:20:27,940 --> 00:20:31,076
顾客似乎怀疑西瓜是否成熟

313
00:20:31,076 --> 00:20:33,913
档主保证又甜又多汁

314
00:20:33,913 --> 00:20:37,906
否则原银奉还

315
00:20:41,120 --> 00:20:44,523
这里最热闹的是卖牲畜的地方

316
00:20:44,523 --> 00:20:45,658
这里的人议价

317
00:20:45,658 --> 00:20:49,651
是以这里独有的方式进行

318
00:20:52,064 --> 00:20:53,966
买卖双方握着手

319
00:20:53,966 --> 00:20:57,636
在不让人看见之下靠触摸来议价

320
00:20:57,636 --> 00:21:00,339
但是一开始双方就有分歧

321
00:21:00,339 --> 00:21:04,332
买家似乎嫌羊太瘦

322
00:21:12,551 --> 00:21:14,987
是时候以传统方法议价了

323
00:21:14,987 --> 00:21:17,690
买卖双方始终达不到共识

324
00:21:17,690 --> 00:21:21,683
大家的情绪也开始高涨

325
00:21:41,780 --> 00:21:43,849
他们现在很认真地议价

326
00:21:43,849 --> 00:21:44,750
为了每只羊

327
00:21:44,750 --> 00:21:47,353
相差十二至十三块人民币

328
00:21:47,353 --> 00:21:48,754
而僵持不下

329
00:21:48,754 --> 00:21:52,747
旁观者也开始起哄

330
00:21:59,798 --> 00:22:02,401
由于他们始终谈不拢

331
00:22:02,401 --> 00:22:06,394
有一个人走出来调和

332
00:22:29,428 --> 00:22:32,031
最后他们讨价还价了一个小时

333
00:22:32,031 --> 00:22:33,432
才能交易成功

334
00:22:33,432 --> 00:22:36,769
由于今年羊的羊毛不及去年的好

335
00:22:36,769 --> 00:22:38,671
卖方只有接受每只羊

336
00:22:38,671 --> 00:22:40,673
七十七元这个价钱

337
00:22:40,673 --> 00:22:41,840
不过七十七元

338
00:22:41,840 --> 00:22:44,943
已经是一个工人全年的工资

339
00:22:44,943 --> 00:22:47,980
虽然要用这笔钱买来年的小羊

340
00:22:47,980 --> 00:22:50,315
但是收入已算不错

341
00:22:50,315 --> 00:22:54,308
怪不得每个农民都欢迎经济开放

342
00:23:15,340 --> 00:23:17,776
银川有一段辉煌的历史

343
00:23:17,776 --> 00:23:20,446
今天的银川市车水马龙

344
00:23:20,446 --> 00:23:22,381
两旁种满大树

345
00:23:22,381 --> 00:23:26,374
大马路挤满汽车、单车和行人

346
00:23:26,485 --> 00:23:27,853
在十一世纪

347
00:23:27,853 --> 00:23:29,988
这里是西夏的皇宫所在

348
00:23:29,988 --> 00:23:33,792
称为快乐之都

349
00:23:33,792 --> 00:23:35,027
现今的银川

350
00:23:35,027 --> 00:23:37,796
就在古都遗址的旁边兴建

351
00:23:37,796 --> 00:23:41,789
令人不禁缅怀昔日的繁华

352
00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:50,342
距离银川二十分钟车程

353
00:23:50,342 --> 00:23:53,445
过去的光辉重现眼前

354
00:23:53,445 --> 00:23:56,115
离银川以西大约二十公里

355
00:23:56,115 --> 00:23:59,017
就是西夏皇陵的所在地

356
00:23:59,017 --> 00:24:03,010
现在这里仍未成为旅游热点

357
00:24:03,322 --> 00:24:06,358
西夏皇陵位于贺兰山下

358
00:24:06,358 --> 00:24:09,828
皇墓设计独特，呈蜂巢形状

359
00:24:09,828 --> 00:24:12,131
皇陵由东至西宽四公里

360
00:24:12,131 --> 00:24:16,124
由南至北长十公里

361
00:24:16,869 --> 00:24:19,805
由十一世纪初到十三世纪初

362
00:24:19,805 --> 00:24:23,798
西夏王朝都以鄂尔多斯地区为基地

363
00:24:23,976 --> 00:24:26,111
它的名字源于中国其中一个

364
00:24:26,111 --> 00:24:29,148
最远古的朝代--夏

365
00:24:29,148 --> 00:24:30,415
在这里生活的人

366
00:24:30,415 --> 00:24:33,452
虽然语言与西藏话相似

367
00:24:33,452 --> 00:24:37,445
但是以宋朝为蓝本建设王国

368
00:24:40,192 --> 00:24:42,995
西夏人视贺兰山为圣山

369
00:24:42,995 --> 00:24:44,830
山下的西夏皇陵

370
00:24:44,830 --> 00:24:48,823
共有九座帝陵及七十多个陪葬墓

371
00:24:49,368 --> 00:24:52,004
当中的九座帝陵特别注目

372
00:24:52,004 --> 00:24:55,040
虽然多年来不断地受风雨侵蚀

373
00:24:55,040 --> 00:24:58,343
我们仍然依稀看到它有七层高

374
00:24:58,343 --> 00:25:00,946
呈八角形的设计

375
00:25:00,946 --> 00:25:04,383
西夏最后一个皇帝并非葬在这里

376
00:25:04,383 --> 00:25:05,984
杀死他的成吉思汗

377
00:25:05,984 --> 00:25:09,977
不肯让他有一个长眠的地方

378
00:25:12,858 --> 00:25:14,393
世事自有定断

379
00:25:14,393 --> 00:25:18,386
成吉思汗最后也死在西夏人手上

380
00:25:18,497 --> 00:25:20,532
历史学家李凡  先生

381
00:25:20,532 --> 00:25:23,068
研究西夏王朝的起源

382
00:25:23,068 --> 00:25:27,061
祖先和遗物遗址超过三十年

383
00:25:27,105 --> 00:25:29,608
现在参与挖掘皇陵的工作

384
00:25:29,608 --> 00:25:31,510
他带队员参观皇陵

385
00:25:31,510 --> 00:25:35,503
更解释考古发现背后的意义

386
00:25:38,417 --> 00:25:42,410
他说皇陵有很多花砖散落在地下

387
00:25:47,059 --> 00:25:49,027
这一块是青金石

388
00:25:49,027 --> 00:25:53,020
遗址一定有几百块这样的碎片

389
00:25:55,567 --> 00:25:58,637
这一块不是普通的陶器碎片

390
00:25:58,637 --> 00:26:00,405
要做出这样的瓦片

391
00:26:00,405 --> 00:26:04,398
需要精巧的技术

392
00:26:07,079 --> 00:26:08,847
它们几乎有一米高

393
00:26:08,847 --> 00:26:12,017
在皇陵每个角落都有它们的踪影

394
00:26:12,017 --> 00:26:16,010
真是巧夺天工

395
00:26:22,160 --> 00:26:23,996
这个二十米高的灵塔

396
00:26:23,996 --> 00:26:26,164
摆放在皇陵的中间

397
00:26:26,164 --> 00:26:28,901
很明显是一个了望台

398
00:26:28,901 --> 00:26:31,670
考古学家相信七层塔的每一层

399
00:26:31,670 --> 00:26:35,663
都有向外伸出，缀有装饰的檐前

400
00:26:36,141 --> 00:26:39,511
皇陵最初建成时是贴满了绿色

401
00:26:39,511 --> 00:26:42,314
白色或者啡色的釉彩精砖

402
00:26:42,314 --> 00:26:43,682
闪闪生辉

403
00:26:43,682 --> 00:26:46,018
这条绘有魔鬼面孔的鱼

404
00:26:46,018 --> 00:26:50,011
可见陶匠的手工多么出色

405
00:26:58,330 --> 00:27:00,999
西夏在1032年建国时

406
00:27:00,999 --> 00:27:03,669
只不过是由几个民族结盟

407
00:27:03,669 --> 00:27:05,504
组成一支联合军队

408
00:27:05,504 --> 00:27:09,497
但是却有信心挑战汉族人

409
00:27:11,944 --> 00:27:14,346
西夏最为人津津乐道的

410
00:27:14,346 --> 00:27:18,339
就是他们发明了独特的文字系统

411
00:27:21,687 --> 00:27:25,123
被认出的字已经超过六千个

412
00:27:25,123 --> 00:27:28,126
全部都以中国文字为蓝本

413
00:27:28,126 --> 00:27:30,562
他们除了翻译中国经典之外

414
00:27:30,562 --> 00:27:34,555
还翻译佛教的经卷

415
00:27:36,668 --> 00:27:39,204
曾经在西域鄂尔多斯地区

416
00:27:39,204 --> 00:27:41,039
以及丝绸之路上

417
00:27:41,039 --> 00:27:43,108
叱吒风云的西夏王朝

418
00:27:43,108 --> 00:27:47,101
现在剩下的只有这座皇陵

419
00:27:52,551 --> 00:27:56,088
敦煌曾经是丝路上重要的中途站

420
00:27:56,088 --> 00:27:59,024
在被称为千佛洞的莫高窟内

421
00:27:59,024 --> 00:28:03,017
有一些关于西夏王的壁画

422
00:28:04,229 --> 00:28:06,231
这里所展现的西夏王

423
00:28:06,231 --> 00:28:10,135
是英明的领导者，他只有五尺高

424
00:28:10,135 --> 00:28:12,571
完全应验了矮小的人

425
00:28:12,571 --> 00:28:15,407
是天生领导材料的说法

426
00:28:15,407 --> 00:28:17,175
他为西夏带来独立

427
00:28:17,175 --> 00:28:21,168
还组织了有效率而廉洁的体制

428
00:28:23,515 --> 00:28:26,585
他可能以西藏和中国这两个国家

429
00:28:26,585 --> 00:28:29,087
为他改革的蓝本

430
00:28:29,087 --> 00:28:31,223
但是他并没有因此而牺牲了

431
00:28:31,223 --> 00:28:33,525
他们本身的文化传统

432
00:28:33,525 --> 00:28:35,193
他也是倡导西夏

433
00:28:35,193 --> 00:28:39,186
独特文字系统的先驱

434
00:28:50,609 --> 00:28:53,645
西夏虽然在军事上甚为卓越

435
00:28:53,645 --> 00:28:55,080
帝王又出众

436
00:28:55,080 --> 00:28:59,073
但是西夏王朝只维持了大约二百年

437
00:29:18,136 --> 00:29:20,772
成吉思汗为求得到所要的东西

438
00:29:20,772 --> 00:29:22,774
会不惜以武力抢夺

439
00:29:22,774 --> 00:29:25,210
他希望西夏王批准他的大军

440
00:29:25,210 --> 00:29:27,179
经过西夏的国境

441
00:29:27,179 --> 00:29:28,780
以及提供补给品

442
00:29:28,780 --> 00:29:32,773
西夏王拒绝这个要求

443
00:29:35,854 --> 00:29:38,857
1227年经过一番围剿之后

444
00:29:38,857 --> 00:29:42,394
西夏王国落入侵略者手上

445
00:29:42,394 --> 00:29:46,387
不过成吉思汗也在这场战争中驾崩

446
00:29:49,468 --> 00:29:51,536
西夏当年国势昌盛

447
00:29:51,536 --> 00:29:54,806
又为后世建立了一套文字系统

448
00:29:54,806 --> 00:29:56,475
但是他们都消失在

449
00:29:56,475 --> 00:29:59,478
风沙和时间的洪流之中

450
00:29:59,478 --> 00:30:03,415
虽然他们留下了皇陵和灵塔的遗址

451
00:30:03,415 --> 00:30:06,585
但是今天再也没有西夏人的踪迹

452
00:30:06,585 --> 00:30:10,578
事实是否真是这样呢

453
00:30:12,691 --> 00:30:13,758
李凡榲先生说

454
00:30:13,758 --> 00:30:17,095
这个问题多年来都没有答案

455
00:30:17,095 --> 00:30:19,164
十四世纪明朝的时候

456
00:30:19,164 --> 00:30:22,167
出现过一些关于西夏的记载

457
00:30:22,167 --> 00:30:24,503
表示仍有西夏人生存

458
00:30:24,503 --> 00:30:27,839
所以应该有人逃过了当年的围剿

459
00:30:27,839 --> 00:30:31,409
而且他们一定会跟蒙古人保持距离

460
00:30:31,409 --> 00:30:35,402
很可能逃亡到中国一些偏远的地方

461
00:30:38,450 --> 00:30:40,152
在四川北部的山区

462
00:30:40,152 --> 00:30:43,455
有令李凡榲很兴奋的发现

463
00:30:43,455 --> 00:30:44,756
在远离鄂尔多斯

464
00:30:44,756 --> 00:30:46,892
宁静而和平的国度内

465
00:30:46,892 --> 00:30:48,894
有一个细小的部族

466
00:30:48,894 --> 00:30:52,887
族人的语言与西夏话很相似

467
00:30:54,599 --> 00:30:57,769
他们与祖先一样都是游牧民族

468
00:30:57,769 --> 00:31:00,805
这个部族的人很少想及历史

469
00:31:00,805 --> 00:31:03,942
他们没想过自己跟古代历史有关

470
00:31:03,942 --> 00:31:07,935
而且更可以骄傲自称为西夏的后代

471
00:31:08,446 --> 00:31:11,683
西夏人的命运一直令中国人动容

472
00:31:11,683 --> 00:31:14,686
有一首唐诗有这样的描绘

473
00:31:14,686 --> 00:31:16,888
誓令疏勒出飞泉

474
00:31:16,888 --> 00:31:19,758
不似颖川空使酒

475
00:31:19,758 --> 00:31:22,160
贺兰山下阵如云

476
00:31:22,160 --> 00:31:26,153
羽檄交驰日夕闻

477
00:31:30,969 --> 00:31:33,738
现在西夏王不在贺兰山上

478
00:31:33,738 --> 00:31:36,975
而是长埋在山脚的皇陵内

479
00:31:36,975 --> 00:31:38,543
时间对西夏人来说

480
00:31:38,543 --> 00:31:42,536
就好像停顿了一样

481
00:31:44,649 --> 00:31:47,719
但是黄河永远不会停顿下来

482
00:31:47,719 --> 00:31:50,689
它经过以前属于西夏王朝的地方

483
00:31:50,689 --> 00:31:53,225
在北面被阴山所挡

484
00:31:53,225 --> 00:31:57,218
只有拐一个弯向东流

485
00:31:59,898 --> 00:32:01,833
经过荒凉的沙漠区之后

486
00:32:01,833 --> 00:32:05,826
河道上形成了一个个小湖

487
00:32:07,672 --> 00:32:10,242
这个荒地上的苍翠绿州

488
00:32:10,242 --> 00:32:12,611
是野生动物的乐土

489
00:32:12,611 --> 00:32:15,914
眼前湛蓝的湖水和翠绿的树林

490
00:32:15,914 --> 00:32:18,216
令人心旷神怡

491
00:32:18,216 --> 00:32:20,018
难怪当地人把这里叫做

492
00:32:20,018 --> 00:32:24,011
远方的一颗宝石

493
00:32:25,624 --> 00:32:29,617
黄河流经这片广阔的内蒙古平原

494
00:32:40,605 --> 00:32:41,940
一艘简陋的船

495
00:32:41,940 --> 00:32:45,510
在仿佛没有时空限制的河上飘浮

496
00:32:45,510 --> 00:32:46,945
乘客至少可以肯定

497
00:32:46,945 --> 00:32:50,938
这一程船比上游那些羊皮筏安全

498
00:32:55,987 --> 00:32:58,623
在这段河道有船只航行

499
00:32:58,623 --> 00:33:00,725
已经超过三百年

500
00:33:00,725 --> 00:33:03,995
这位船家拉船已经有三十年之久

501
00:33:03,995 --> 00:33:06,765
日后还会把衣钵传给儿子

502
00:33:06,765 --> 00:33:10,758
代代相传下去

503
00:33:20,912 --> 00:33:23,715
河水之上出现一抹阳光

504
00:33:23,715 --> 00:33:25,750
宣布夏日来临

505
00:33:25,750 --> 00:33:27,686
在这区河水一年之中

506
00:33:27,686 --> 00:33:29,921
有半年时间会结冰

507
00:33:29,921 --> 00:33:32,657
不过船家只在夏天工作

508
00:33:32,657 --> 00:33:36,094
也已经赚够了钱

509
00:33:36,094 --> 00:33:37,595
黄河以北的阴山

510
00:33:37,595 --> 00:33:39,664
绵延超过四百公里

511
00:33:39,664 --> 00:33:41,466
阴山并不是太高

512
00:33:41,466 --> 00:33:44,469
只有大约海拔二千米

513
00:33:44,469 --> 00:33:46,805
阴山昔日曾经是蒙古骑士的

514
00:33:46,805 --> 00:33:48,673
藏身之所

515
00:33:48,673 --> 00:33:50,909
它也是一道天然屏障

516
00:33:50,909 --> 00:33:54,902
为汉人阻挡外族入侵

517
00:33:57,982 --> 00:34:00,952
匈奴和令人闻风丧胆的蒙古人

518
00:34:00,952 --> 00:34:03,888
都在阴山中有藏身之所

519
00:34:03,888 --> 00:34:07,492
他们的马匹无论在山区或者平地上

520
00:34:07,492 --> 00:34:08,827
都应付自如

521
00:34:08,827 --> 00:34:12,820
而蒙古人策马既有速度又有技巧

522
00:34:22,674 --> 00:34:26,077
被称为铁马的火车沿着黄河前进

523
00:34:26,077 --> 00:34:28,980
山区马匹早已见怪不怪

524
00:34:28,980 --> 00:34:32,973
头也不抬地继续吃草

525
00:34:45,697 --> 00:34:48,032
蒙古人依然维持传统

526
00:34:48,032 --> 00:34:51,603
每年仲夏都会庆祝蒙古的节日

527
00:34:51,603 --> 00:34:52,871
宁担节

528
00:34:52,871 --> 00:34:56,864
就是欢乐时光的意思

529
00:34:59,944 --> 00:35:02,947
庆祝的活动，好像摔跤和赛马

530
00:35:02,947 --> 00:35:05,683
整个鄂尔多斯地区的蒙古族群

531
00:35:05,683 --> 00:35:09,676
都会举行

532
00:35:14,826 --> 00:35:17,462
穿着民族服饰进行摔跤比赛

533
00:35:17,462 --> 00:35:19,864
是非常受欢迎的观赏节目

534
00:35:19,864 --> 00:35:23,857
摔跤在十三世纪已经出现

535
00:35:26,638 --> 00:35:29,474
不论是任何运动或者文化

536
00:35:29,474 --> 00:35:32,844
对赛双方都吹捧自己的选手

537
00:35:32,844 --> 00:35:34,679
跟日本的相扑不同

538
00:35:34,679 --> 00:35:37,649
他们没有一个指定的范围和限时

539
00:35:37,649 --> 00:35:40,652
不论年龄、体重、来自何地

540
00:35:40,652 --> 00:35:43,421
只你有胆量便可以参加

541
00:35:43,421 --> 00:35:47,414
哪个人先跌倒在地上便算输

542
00:35:55,600 --> 00:35:59,471
模仿可说是最衷心的一种赞赏

543
00:35:59,471 --> 00:36:01,239
这些在场边的小朋友

544
00:36:01,239 --> 00:36:05,232
要亲身尝试个中滋味

545
00:36:19,757 --> 00:36:23,750
赛马是庆祝活动的另一个高潮

546
00:36:27,866 --> 00:36:29,968
这种特别品种的蒙古马匹

547
00:36:29,968 --> 00:36:32,770
奔跑时把一条腿提起

548
00:36:32,770 --> 00:36:34,772
在另一条腿前面跑

549
00:36:34,772 --> 00:36:36,508
这种飞一般快的跑法

550
00:36:36,508 --> 00:36:39,677
令蒙古人在战争中无往不利

551
00:36:39,677 --> 00:36:40,979
对策马者来说

552
00:36:40,979 --> 00:36:43,214
这个跑法可以大大减少

553
00:36:43,214 --> 00:36:45,917
在马鞍上抛来抛去的幅度

554
00:36:45,917 --> 00:36:47,785
这样便不容易疲累

555
00:36:47,785 --> 00:36:51,778
也是蒙古人成功的秘诀

556
00:36:54,959 --> 00:36:58,530
成吉思汗的魔鬼骑兵队骑术精湛

557
00:36:58,530 --> 00:37:01,633
可以一个人同时控制几匹马

558
00:37:01,633 --> 00:37:04,068
他们最终控制了整个中国

559
00:37:04,068 --> 00:37:06,638
以及中亚大部份地区

560
00:37:06,638 --> 00:37:10,631
蒙古帝国的版图扩至现在的维也纳

561
00:37:17,782 --> 00:37:20,952
成吉思汗被族人称为铁木真

562
00:37:20,952 --> 00:37:24,022
是蒙古人心中的英雄

563
00:37:24,022 --> 00:37:25,890
他的陵园座落在

564
00:37:25,890 --> 00:37:29,027
内蒙古鄂尔多斯荒原中间的

565
00:37:29,027 --> 00:37:33,020
伊金霍洛旗境内

566
00:37:33,765 --> 00:37:36,634
正殿建筑楼高二十五米

567
00:37:36,634 --> 00:37:39,070
虽然是按照蒙古包来设计

568
00:37:39,070 --> 00:37:41,306
但是却比较像城堡

569
00:37:41,306 --> 00:37:43,007
鄂尔多斯意思是

570
00:37:43,007 --> 00:37:47,000
一个有许多城堡的地方

571
00:37:50,848 --> 00:37:53,785
这群人是成吉思汗御前侍卫的

572
00:37:53,785 --> 00:37:55,119
直属后裔

573
00:37:55,119 --> 00:37:57,121
身份就好像特务一样

574
00:37:57,121 --> 00:37:59,357
所以本来看起来不大匹配的

575
00:37:59,357 --> 00:38:01,359
民族服装和太阳眼镜

576
00:38:01,359 --> 00:38:03,561
也开始觉得合理

577
00:38:03,561 --> 00:38:04,729
他们现在的任务

578
00:38:04,729 --> 00:38:06,998
是保护成吉思汗的皇陵

579
00:38:06,998 --> 00:38:10,991
定期为他举行祭祀仪式

580
00:38:13,871 --> 00:38:16,007
他们诵念经文，祈求和平

581
00:38:16,007 --> 00:38:18,876
但是讽刺的是他们这位领袖

582
00:38:18,876 --> 00:38:21,713
跟和平没有半点关系

583
00:38:21,713 --> 00:38:24,616
成吉思汗的亡魂，愿你安息

584
00:38:24,616 --> 00:38:26,651
赐予我们和平

585
00:38:26,651 --> 00:38:29,354
这个青铜香炉和这一篇经文

586
00:38:29,354 --> 00:38:33,091
由十三世纪开始沿用至今

587
00:38:33,091 --> 00:38:34,692
他们很庄严地

588
00:38:34,692 --> 00:38:37,629
悼念成吉思汗的丰功伟绩

589
00:38:37,629 --> 00:38:40,365
仪式完成之后，祭坛上的酒

590
00:38:40,365 --> 00:38:44,358
会用一个大杯盛起传开

591
00:38:51,776 --> 00:38:53,678
他们一起许下诺言

592
00:38:53,678 --> 00:38:57,671
会永远保护这个陵园

593
00:39:08,059 --> 00:39:11,029
接着他们再次颂赞成吉思汗

594
00:39:11,029 --> 00:39:15,022
重温引以自豪的一段历史

595
00:39:20,705 --> 00:39:23,708
成吉思汗等于蒙古人的历史

596
00:39:23,708 --> 00:39:26,377
他的出生、生平、死亡

597
00:39:26,377 --> 00:39:29,380
都成为蒙古文学的主题

598
00:39:29,380 --> 00:39:31,349
一位诗人这样形容

599
00:39:31,349 --> 00:39:35,319
一只苍狼带着伟大志向出生于世

600
00:39:35,319 --> 00:39:38,423
命中注定作它新娘的白鹿

601
00:39:38,423 --> 00:39:42,416
越过大湖而来

602
00:39:43,094 --> 00:39:47,065
成吉思汗被视为传说中蓝狼的后裔

603
00:39:47,065 --> 00:39:49,033
有烈火一样的眼睛

604
00:39:49,033 --> 00:39:51,302
闪电一样的容貌

605
00:39:51,302 --> 00:39:55,295
而他的名字意思是伟大的君王

606
00:40:06,050 --> 00:40:08,453
本地人弹奏琵琶的乐音

607
00:40:08,453 --> 00:40:12,446
响彻这个空谷

608
00:40:18,696 --> 00:40:21,766
多年来游走于巍峨山区

609
00:40:21,766 --> 00:40:25,303
宽阔的河道之间，不断交战

610
00:40:25,303 --> 00:40:28,439
且让我们管治更多的民族

611
00:40:28,439 --> 00:40:31,309
这几句是蒙古人的格言

612
00:40:31,309 --> 00:40:34,879
他们的确曾经是史上最大的帝国

613
00:40:34,879 --> 00:40:36,080
现今这片草原

614
00:40:36,080 --> 00:40:39,884
我们再看不到成吉思汗的丰功伟业

615
00:40:39,884 --> 00:40:42,053
以及牺牲了多少生命

616
00:40:42,053 --> 00:40:43,788
天苍苍，地茫茫

617
00:40:43,788 --> 00:40:46,390
让我们扩张国界

618
00:40:46,390 --> 00:40:50,383
为世界带来和平

619
00:40:54,832 --> 00:40:57,468
如果成吉思汗是想带来和平

620
00:40:57,468 --> 00:41:00,304
那么他用的是一个血腥的方式

621
00:41:00,304 --> 00:41:01,506
不过在元朝

622
00:41:01,506 --> 00:41:03,407
蒙古人开放边境

623
00:41:03,407 --> 00:41:05,843
让商人和传教士来到中国

624
00:41:05,843 --> 00:41:09,313
促成了日后商贸和文化的联系

625
00:41:09,313 --> 00:41:11,048
以及宗教的传播

626
00:41:11,048 --> 00:41:13,518
形成了今天的中国

627
00:41:13,518 --> 00:41:17,021
历史记载成吉思汗死在战争中

628
00:41:17,021 --> 00:41:20,057
但是传说的死因则有趣得多

629
00:41:20,057 --> 00:41:22,293
有一天他射中了一只小兔

630
00:41:22,293 --> 00:41:25,329
小兔在雪地垂死爬行

631
00:41:25,329 --> 00:41:26,931
他对侍从说

632
00:41:26,931 --> 00:41:29,300
替我找一个肌肤胜雪

633
00:41:29,300 --> 00:41:33,293
双颊像血一样红艳的女人回来

634
00:41:33,371 --> 00:41:36,040
他们找到了一个西夏王子的妃子

635
00:41:36,040 --> 00:41:38,843
当成吉思汗想一亲香泽

636
00:41:38,843 --> 00:41:42,836
那妃子竟然拔出藏着的刀把他去势

637
00:41:43,047 --> 00:41:45,316
这个妃子逃到银川

638
00:41:45,316 --> 00:41:48,419
最后跳进黄河自尽

639
00:41:48,419 --> 00:41:52,412
此后蒙古人都叫黄河做卡敦高

640
00:41:52,456 --> 00:41:54,325
也就是妃子河

641
00:41:54,325 --> 00:41:56,894
而成吉思汗则陷入昏迷

642
00:41:56,894 --> 00:42:00,887
最后长眠不起

643
00:42:00,998 --> 00:42:03,000
蒙古王国的兴衰

644
00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:05,036
只是历时大约二百年

645
00:42:05,036 --> 00:42:06,904
但是鄂尔多斯

646
00:42:06,904 --> 00:42:09,106
除了多了一些战争遗迹

647
00:42:09,106 --> 00:42:12,143
就一如昔日

648
00:42:12,143 --> 00:42:14,312
一年之中这里有九个月

649
00:42:14,312 --> 00:42:16,480
都是一片荒芜野地

650
00:42:16,480 --> 00:42:18,950
但是六月至八月是雨季

651
00:42:18,950 --> 00:42:21,552
会补偿九个月的不足

652
00:42:21,552 --> 00:42:25,545
大雨会倾盆而下

653
00:42:27,158 --> 00:42:29,360
就好像热带暴雨一样

654
00:42:29,360 --> 00:42:32,029
连场大雨把荒芜的草原

655
00:42:32,029 --> 00:42:34,131
变成一片泥海

656
00:42:34,131 --> 00:42:36,400
但是当地人不会有怨言

657
00:42:36,400 --> 00:42:38,336
因为雨水对农作物

658
00:42:38,336 --> 00:42:42,329
及羊只所吃的绿草都十分重要

659
00:42:52,483 --> 00:42:54,986
下雨还有另一些好处

660
00:42:54,986 --> 00:42:56,387
现在并不是下雪

661
00:42:56,387 --> 00:43:00,380
而是泥土中的盐被雨水冲刷出来

662
00:43:11,402 --> 00:43:13,437
蒙古游牧民唯一的娱乐

663
00:43:13,437 --> 00:43:15,973
可以说是唱歌和跳舞

664
00:43:15,973 --> 00:43:19,043
内蒙古电视台著名的节目摄制队

665
00:43:19,043 --> 00:43:23,036
专程来到这条草原上的村落拍摄

666
00:43:27,118 --> 00:43:29,453
居民的生活不算舒适

667
00:43:29,453 --> 00:43:32,556
但是他们已经习惯与大自然协调

668
00:43:32,556 --> 00:43:34,558
百分之八十五的蒙古人

669
00:43:34,558 --> 00:43:37,028
已经不再过游牧的生活

670
00:43:37,028 --> 00:43:39,530
而改在泥砖屋居住

671
00:43:39,530 --> 00:43:41,999
蒙古包只是进食的地方

672
00:43:41,999 --> 00:43:45,992
以及在隆重场合用作招待外宾

673
00:43:47,271 --> 00:43:49,907
传统服饰也越来越少见

674
00:43:49,907 --> 00:43:53,900
只会在庆典、节日和婚礼时穿着

675
00:43:53,978 --> 00:43:57,281
虽然传统歌舞依然深受欢迎

676
00:43:57,281 --> 00:44:01,274
但是越来越多蒙古人不懂说蒙古话

677
00:44:06,657 --> 00:44:09,126
蒙古人面对过很多转变

678
00:44:09,126 --> 00:44:10,962
不管将来会如何

679
00:44:10,962 --> 00:44:14,955
他们一定可以安然度过

680
00:44:20,304 --> 00:44:22,640
他们依赖牲口维持生计

681
00:44:22,640 --> 00:44:24,608
这点依然没变

682
00:44:24,608 --> 00:44:28,012
在夏季草原的草又长又甜美

683
00:44:28,012 --> 00:44:32,005
每个家庭至少可以饲养一百头羊

684
00:44:32,083 --> 00:44:36,076
卖出的钱可以令他们度过冬季

685
00:44:37,121 --> 00:44:40,958
鄂尔多斯又叫驯鹿居住的地方

686
00:44:40,958 --> 00:44:44,128
因为很多年前这里仍是一片森林

687
00:44:44,128 --> 00:44:46,063
到处都有水泉

688
00:44:46,063 --> 00:44:48,432
不单只是驯鹿的栖所

689
00:44:48,432 --> 00:44:52,425
还有狼、熊和豹

690
00:44:53,504 --> 00:44:56,374
现今的鄂尔多斯已经面目全非

691
00:44:56,374 --> 00:44:58,642
但是内蒙古的平原上

692
00:44:58,642 --> 00:45:00,745
黄河提供的大量水源

693
00:45:00,745 --> 00:45:04,382
栽种出接近河边的大片草原

694
00:45:04,382 --> 00:45:06,584
对在这里生活的蒙古人来说

695
00:45:06,584 --> 00:45:10,577
这里仍然是一个快乐的家园

696
00:45:12,990 --> 00:45:15,459
包头市是内蒙古自治区

697
00:45:15,459 --> 00:45:17,328
其中一个大城市

698
00:45:17,328 --> 00:45:19,130
人口有一百五十万

699
00:45:19,130 --> 00:45:21,532
包头市是中国最大规模的

700
00:45:21,532 --> 00:45:25,525
炼钢铁中心

701
00:45:27,138 --> 00:45:29,640
以前如果传来铁撞铁的声音

702
00:45:29,640 --> 00:45:31,642
代表战争展开

703
00:45:31,642 --> 00:45:33,010
但是今天则代表

704
00:45:33,010 --> 00:45:36,147
工厂达成本月的生产量

705
00:45:36,147 --> 00:45:37,782
难怪当地人把这里叫做

706
00:45:37,782 --> 00:45:41,775
草原的钢铁堡垒

707
00:45:42,553 --> 00:45:45,523
早上七时至七时半是繁忙时间

708
00:45:45,523 --> 00:45:48,092
在这条大约五十米阔的大道上

709
00:45:48,092 --> 00:45:51,762
挤满了骑着自行车急于上班的人

710
00:45:51,762 --> 00:45:54,665
在中国不可以没有单车代步

711
00:45:54,665 --> 00:45:58,658
单车是重要的财产

712
00:46:00,104 --> 00:46:03,374
这里大部份人都穿着解放装

713
00:46:03,374 --> 00:46:06,043
偶然也有人穿着鲜艳的衣服

714
00:46:06,043 --> 00:46:07,845
由于布料需要配给

715
00:46:07,845 --> 00:46:10,581
所以讲求实际多于款式

716
00:46:10,581 --> 00:46:13,050
所以夏天时都是薄薄的一件

717
00:46:13,050 --> 00:46:15,086
冬天则加上夹棉

718
00:46:15,086 --> 00:46:18,322
这样就最实际了

719
00:46:18,322 --> 00:46:20,524
虽然每个人看起来都差不多

720
00:46:20,524 --> 00:46:23,060
但是还有一些特质可以辨认

721
00:46:23,060 --> 00:46:24,061
他们大部份都是

722
00:46:24,061 --> 00:46:26,330
放弃了务农的蒙古人

723
00:46:26,330 --> 00:46:29,700
转到工业化新市镇工作赚钱

724
00:46:29,700 --> 00:46:31,569
很多人涌去市镇

725
00:46:31,569 --> 00:46:34,438
无可避免会造成社会问题

726
00:46:34,438 --> 00:46:38,431
这是现代化要付出的代价

727
00:46:45,316 --> 00:46:48,085
在包头市附近，黄河顺着地势

728
00:46:48,085 --> 00:46:50,588
由本来的从西流向东

729
00:46:50,588 --> 00:46:52,790
突然改为流向南

730
00:46:52,790 --> 00:46:56,783
再次进入山谷区，直捣黄土地带

731
00:47:00,431 --> 00:47:03,868
幼细的黄沙土不断加入河水之中

732
00:47:03,868 --> 00:47:06,370
每年达到十亿吨

733
00:47:06,370 --> 00:47:09,874
河水带着这些黄沙流很多公里

734
00:47:09,874 --> 00:47:13,867
再流出大海

735
00:47:18,315 --> 00:47:22,308
黄河的旅程由山区一直流出大海

736
00:47:22,353 --> 00:47:25,890
沿途上会不断见到中国的缩影

737
00:47:25,890 --> 00:47:27,491
多个世纪以来

738
00:47:27,491 --> 00:47:30,461
黄河都流经同一条路线

739
00:47:30,461 --> 00:47:33,164
牵引着沿岸居民的生活

740
00:47:33,164 --> 00:47:37,157
有时候更加触动他们的心弦